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The Canadian education system
comprises of:
Elementary / Secondary
Education
Preschool programs or Kindergartens,
operated by local school authorities, provide
pre-elementary education for 4-5 year-olds.
Kindergarten programs are offered in elementary
schools in all provinces and territories. The Grade
organization varies among the ministries / departments
of education. In some areas, it involves Kindergarten
to grade 8 (elementary grades) and grades 9-12
(secondary level). Most school systems have an
intermediate level of school - junior high school or
middle school. Following elementary or middle level
grades, school children proceed to secondary school,
high school, or senior high school, where they
continue to grade 12 (grade 11 in Quebec). Curriculum
at the secondary level includes both academic and
vocational programs. Secondary school diplomas are
granted to students who pass the compulsory and
optional courses of their programs.
Canada is a confederation of ten
provinces and three territories and under the Canadian
constitution each of the provinces and territories
have their own responsibility for education. As a
result, Canada has no national or federal department
of education. Public education is under the
jurisdiction of each of the ten provinces and three
territories. Although there are many similarities in
the 13 education systems across Canada, each reflects
the diversity of its own regional history, culture,
and geography. Admission requirements, program and
course offerings, and fees vary from one institution
to another. However, standards across the country are
uniformly high.
The Canadian education system
encompasses both publicly funded and private schools,
from kindergarten through to university. The academic
year generally runs from September to April.
Universities & University
Colleges
Canada has a large selection of
universities and university colleges. Canadian
universities are largely publicly funded; as a result
they are of a consistently high quality, regardless of
location or area of study. As well, they all retain a
high degree of academic autonomy. They offer a broad
range of courses and a full range of degrees from
undergraduate to doctorates, and can also offer
certificates and professional degrees. The university
year usually runs from September to May. Some
universities are on a semester or trimester system,
with all courses available even in the summer.
University Colleges offers university degrees as well
as college diploma and certificate programs.
Community Colleges
The Community Colleges offer
certificate and diploma programs in career and
vocational-training. College-level institutions may
also be known as colleges of applied arts and
technology, technology institutes. There are about 150
Community Colleges in Canada.
Career Colleges
A technical/career college is a
privately owned and operated school with the main
objective of preparing students for the job market
after a short period of instruction. The emphasis at
technical/career colleges is on practical skills over
a broad range of programs. They may specialize in
specific areas such as business, computers and
secretarial skills. Although privately owned, these
schools are provincially approved and regulated,
ensuring that program standards and quality are
maintained. Career colleges have highly competitive
fee structures.
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